Internal combustion engine



April 11, 1933. ME 1,903,531

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed ma 50, 1950 .19 INVENTOR. Andre J Meyer k BY f E E ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 11, 1933 i I (UNITED STATES PATENT oFFic ANDRE J. MEYER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR .IO CONTINENTAL 'MOTORSOOB- PORATION, OF DETROIT, LIICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA I INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed May 30, 1930, Serial My invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to an engine of the sleeve valve type operating on the Diesel principle, in which air is drawn into the cylinder and compressed to a very high pressure the fuel being sprayed into the cylinder containing the compressed air and ignited by spontaneous combustion. Obviously other types of Diesel engines are adaptable for use with my invention.

It'has been found preferable in Diesel engines to impart a swirling motion to the air in order that when the fuel is-sprayed into the compressed air, the finely divided particles of fuel are thoroughly mixed there with.

It is an object of my invention to increase the efficiency of an internal combustion Diesel engine of the sleeve valve type by providing a means for imparting a directional force to the incoming air so that the same is directed in such away that it will swirl within the cylinder.

A further object of my invention is to induce a swirling action to the air within the cylinder of a sleeve valve Diesel engine, by providing means within the cylinder for deflecting the incoming air and positively imparting thereto, a directional force tending to increase the normal tendency of the same to swirl.

For a more detailed understanding of my invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawing which illustrates one form which my invention may assume, and in which:

. Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through an internal combustion Diesel engine of the sleeve valve type constructed in accordance with my invention and showing the annular passage within the head, through which the air is initially injected and given a directional force for causing the same to swirl in the desired direction, said view taken on the line 11 of Figure 2.

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the line 22 of Figure 1. V

Figure 3 is a fragmentary vertical sec- No. 457,626. Renewed April 6, 1931.

tional View takenat right angles to that of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 44 of Figure2 and showing how and which is provided with a cylinder 11,.

said cylinder being provided with a port 12 that serves as an air intake port as well as an exhaust port for the products of combustion, this port communicating with-a manifold 13 of conventional construction. A cylinder head structure is secured by bolts or'other suitable fastening devices to the cylinder structure, and is provided with a reentrant portion 14 which depends within the cylinder and which is spaced from the walls thereof to provide a sleeve pocket 15 for receiving the upper end of the sleeve valve means 16, said sleeve valve means-provided with an intake port 17 that cooperates with the cylinder port 12 to admit air to the cylinder and to exhaust the products of-combustion from said cylinder at the proper time.

It may be further noted-thatthe depending portion 14 of the cylinder head extends below the top edge of the cylinder port 12, the lower portion of thisreentrant head being provided with an annular chamber 18 extending around the circumferential lower edge of the cylinder head structure (See Figures 1 and 2). v

The sleeve intake port lies in registration With the cylinder port when the piston 19 reaches top dead center, this being the commencement of the intake cycle. der head structure is provided with a deflecting or partition flange 20 that extends transversely across the annular chamber 18, this flange being located to one side or the other of the cylinder intake port 12. Thus as the air is injected into the annular chamber, it is directed to flow in one direction as The cylincenter, the piston is provided with a recess 21 as shown in Figure 3, this recess providing a dip in the annular passage around the cylinder head and permitting the air to swirl around the cylinder within said annular chamber. As the piston travels downwardly, the flange 20 merely serves to induce the incoming air to flow in a direction that takes it away from the'flange, this air naturally traveling in a direction offering the least resistance to its travel.

7 It will thus be seen that I have provided means within the cylinder for actually increasing the tendency of, the incoming air to swirl around in the cylinder, this swirling action continuing during the intake and compression cycles of the engine, and the air is thus swirling around within-the annular chamber 18 at the time the fuel is sprayed into the compressed air. A fuel nozzle 25 of conventional construction may be employed to inject the fuel into the annular chamber 18 at the proper time.

Although I have illustrated but one form of my invention and have described in detail but a single application thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention pertains, that various modifications and changes maybe made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention or from the scope of the appended claims. V

What l claim as my invention is: I

1. In a sleeve valve Diesel engine, a cylin derstructure provided'with an air intake port, sleeve valve means for said cylinder having a port cooperating with the cylinder port, a cylinder head structure having a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from the walls thereof to form a sleeve, pocket for receiving the upper end of the sleevevalve means, and means for deflecting the incoming air to impart directional forces to the air for causing the same to flow in a predetermined direction.

2. In a sleeve valve Diesel engine, a. cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, sleeve valve means for said cylinder having a port cooperating with the cylinder port, a cylinder head structure having a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from the walls thereof to form a sleeve pocket for receiving the upper end of the sleeve valve means, and a deflector carried by the cylinder head and engaged by V the incoming air to induce the air to swirl in one direction.

3. In a sleeve valve Diesel engine, a cylin der structure provided with an intake port, sleeve valve means for said cylinder having an intake port cooperating with the cylinder port, a cylinder head structure provided with a portion depending within said cylinder and extended below the top edge of the cylinder intake port and spaced from the walls of the cylinder to provide a sleeve 7 pocket for receiving the upper portion of the sleeve valve means, and deflecting means 7 interposed in the incoming airstream for imparting a swirling motion to said air.

with an annular chamber extending around the circumferential lower edge thereof, and deflecting means extending across said annular chamber and to one side of said intake port for inducing the air to swirl within the cylinder. I Y

'5. In a sleeve valve Dieselengine, a cylin-.

der structure provided with an intake port, sleeve valve meansfor said cylinder having an intake .port, a cylinder head structure provided with portion depending within the cylinder and extended'below the top edge of the cylinder intake port and provided with an annular chamb'erextending around the circumferential lower edge thereof, and deflecting means extending transversely across said annular chamber, a piston operatable within the cylinder and arranged to have a miniass mum clearance between the lower face of the cylinder head when the piston is at the top dead center position, said piston provided with a recessed portion arranged to lie adjacent to the deflecting flange andv extended transversely across the annular chamber to provide anunobstructed passage. to permit a continuous swirling action of the air through said annular chamber. a

6. In a sleeve valve engine of the compression ignition type, a cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, sleeve valve means for said cylinder having a port cooperating with the cylinder port, a cylinder head structure having'a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from the walls thereof to form a sleeve pocket for receiving the upper end of the sleeve valve means, and means acting on the air introduced to the cylinder by said sleeve a'nd cylinder ports whereby to induce same to flow in a predetermined direction in said cylinder.

7. In a sleeve valve engine of the compression ignition type, a cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, sleeve valve means for said cylinder having a port coopcrating with the cylinder port, a cylinder head structure having a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from the walls thereof to form a sleeve pocket for receiving the upper end of the sleeve valve means, and means within the cylinder and adapted to act on the air introduced to the cylinder through the cooperating sleeve and cylinder ports whereby to induce same to flow in a predetermined direction in said cylinder.

8. In a sleeve valve engine of the compression ignition type, a cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, sleeve valve means for said cylinder having a port cooperating with the cylinder port, a cylinder head structure having a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from the walls thereof to form a sleeve pocket for receiving the upper end of the sleeve valve means, and means located in proxim ty with the cooperating sleeve and cylinder air intake ports and adapted to act in cooperatlon therewith whereby to induce said air to swirl in one direction within said cylinder. 9. In an engine of the compression ign tion type, a cylinder structure having an air inlet port, valve means cooperating therewith for introducing air laterally into the cylinder, and air deflecting means acting on the air in cooperation with the cylinder port and valve means whereby to induce the air to flow in a predetermined direction in said cylinder. 10. In an engine of the compression ignition'type, a cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, sleeve valve means associated therewith, and means within the cylinder and adapted to act on said incoming air in cooperation with the cylinder intake port and cooperating sleeve valve means whereby to induce the air to swirl in one direction in said cylinder.

11. In an engine of the compression ignition type, a cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, sleeve valve means associated therewith, and air deflecting means within the cylinder and adapted to act on said incoming air in cooperation with the cylinder intake port and cooperating sleeve valve means whereby to induce the air to swirl in one direction in said cylinder.

12. In an engine of the compression ignition type, a cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, valve means associated therewith for introducing air to the cylinder transversely of the cylinder axis, and air deflecting means located in proximity with said air intake port and adapted to act on said air in cooperation with the cylinder port and 13. In anengine ofthe compressionignb tion type, a cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, valve means associated therewith .for'introd'ucing air to the cylinder. transversely of the cylinder axis, and air deflecting means within said cylinder and offset toone side of'said air intake port and adapted to act on the air introduced into the cylinder to induce sametoswirl ,in one direction within said cylinder. r

14. In an engine of the compression-igni tion type, a. cylinder structure provided with an air intake port, sleeve valve means associatedtherewith for introducing air tothe cylinder. substantially atrightv angles to the cylinder axis, means'actin'gon said airzto induce same to swirl in one direction within piston means operating'in said cylinder, a

cylinder head structuresecured to said cylinder structure, said piston and cylinder head being constructed and cooperating together when the piston is. at top dead centerto provide' an annular combustion chamber adjacent the periphery of the cylinder, and means acting on the air'in cooperation with the cylinder port and cooperating sleeve valve means whereby to induce the air to flow in a predetermined direction in said annular combustion chamber.

16. In an engine of the fuel injection type, a cylinder structure having an air intake port, valve means cooperating therewith for introducing air into the cylinder transversely of the cylinder axis, deflecting means acting on the air in cooperation with the cylinder port and cooperatin valve means whereby to induce the air to ow in a predetermined direction in said cylinder, and means for injecting a fuel into said cylinder.

17. In an engine of the fuel injection type, a cylinder structure having an air intake port,sleeve valve means cooperating therewith for introducing air into the cylinder transversely of the cylinder axis, means acting on the air in cooperation with the cylinder port and cooperating sleeve valve means whereby to induce the air to flow'ina predetermined direction in said cylinder, and means for injecting a fuel into said cylinder. 18. In an engine of the fuel injection type, a cylinder structure having an air intake port, valve means cooperating therewith for introducing air into the cylinder transversely of the cylinder axis, deflecting means acting on the air in cooperation with the cylinder portend cooperating valve means whereby to induce the air to swirl in one direction in said cylinder, and means for injecting a fuel into said cylinder.

19. In an engine of the fuel injection type,

a cylinder structure having an air intake port, sleeve valve means cooperating therewith for introducing air to the cylinder transversely of the cylinder axis, piston means operating in said cylinder, a cylinder head structure secured to said cylinder structure, said piston and cylinder head being constructed and cooperating together when the piston is at top dead center to providean annular combustion chamber adjacent the periphery of the cylinder, means acting on the air in cooperation with the cylinder port and cooperating sleeve valve means whereby to induce the air to swirl in said annular combustion chamber, andmeans for injecting a fuel into said chamber; v

20. In a sleeve valve engine of the fuel injection type, a cylinder structure provided with an air lntake port, sleeve valve means for said cylinder having a port cooperating with the cylinder port, means acting on the air introduced to the cylinder by said sleeve and cylinder ports whereby to induce the air to swirl in said cylinder, and meansvfor in- ;l'iecting a fuel into the air swirl in said cyliner. I V

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ANDRE J. MEYER. 

